Epidemiological analysis of occupational dermatitis notified in Brazil in the period 2007 to 2012

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational dermatitis affects the quality of life and productivity of workers. Studies on the subject are scarce in Brazil. It is estimated that the disease is underreported and that many affected patients do not seek health care. OBJECTIVES: To conduct an epidemiological analysis of occupational dermatitis notified via SINAN in Brazil from January 2007 to December 2012; evaluate the profile of patients assisted; and check the main etiological agents involved. METHODS: We analyzed the compulsory notification forms of cases of occupational dermatitis filled nationwide during January 2007 to December 2012. RESULTS: During the study period 3027 cases of occupational dermatitis were notified in Brazil. In 61.4% of cases patients were men aged between 35-49 years (39.6%). The most described etiological agent was chromium (13.9%). The location of the body most affected was the hands, with 28.4% of cases. The construction sector is implicated in 28.7% of cases and domestic services by 18%. Allergic contact dermatitis is the most prevalent occupational dermatitis (20.6%) and the region with the highest number of notifications was the Midwest, with 376.4 cases per million inhabitants. CONCLUSIONS: The profile of patients most affected by occupational dermatitis in Brazil during the study period was: men with elementary school, aged between 20 and 49 years old and working in the construction industry. The most common occupational dermatitis were allergic contact dermatitis caused by chromium after years of exposure, being the hands and head the parts of the body most affected.

Perfil demográfico e comportamental de pacientes com indicação médica óptica de lentes de contato / Demographic and behavioral profile of patients with optic medical indication of contact lenses

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil demográfico e comportamental de pacientes com indicação médica óptica de lentes de contato (LC) em um hospital público de Curitiba. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado através de questionário em pacientes atendidos no serviço de lentes de contato do ambulatório do SUS do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná, no período de 02 de setembro de 2014 a 04 de agosto de 2015. Resultados: Dos 69 entrevistados, 56,52% fizeram LC. Destes, 55,07% têm entre 20-49 anos, 69,56% são mulheres, 40,58% com ensino médio completo e 36,23% com 2 a 6 salários mínimos. Predominaram a lente rígida com 66,67%, com menos de 8 horas de uso em 41,02% e desconforto durante o uso em 59%. A limpeza das LC é feita ao colocar e ao retirar em 87,18% dos casos, com 71,8% utilizando solução própria para LC. Alto custo da compra foi o principal motivo do não uso de LC, com 70% dos pacientes que não fizeram uso desse recurso. Conclusões: Dos entrevistados, 56,52% iniciaram o uso de LC, sendo o ceratocone a doença mais indicada. Foi demonstrado nesse estudo que os pacientes em questão têm boa orientação quanto a manuseio e manutenção das LC. Apesar dos inquestionáveis avanços da tecnologia médica, continuam ocorrendo a desistência do uso desse recurso principalmente pelo custo e medo do manuseio. É responsabilidade do especialista esclarecer os benefícios que os pacientes com indicação médica terão com o uso de LC, assim como motivar o seu uso.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess the demographic and behavioral profile of patients with optic medical indication of contact lenses (CL) in a public hospital in Curitiba. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire study of patients who attended the contact lens service of the national health system (SUS) outpatient clinic from the "Hospital de Olhos do Paraná" between September 2nd, 2014 and August 4th, 2015. Results: Of the 69 people interviewed, 56.52% acquired CL. Of these, 55.07% are between 20-49 years old, 69.56% are women, 40.58% had finished high school and 36.23% earned a salary of 2 to 6 times the minimum wage. Rigid lenses prevailed, representing 66.67% of the total, with less than 8 hours of usage in 41.02% of the cases and discomfort during usage was assessed in 59%. The cleaning of CL was done at the moment of insertion and removal in 87.18% of cases, and 71.8% used contact solution. High purchase cost was the main reason for not using CL for 70% of patients who did not use this resource. Conclusions: Of the patients interviewed, 56.52 % started using LC. Keratoconus was the main disease for which CL were indicated. It was demonstrated in this study that patients in question have good guidance on handling and maintenance of LC. Despite the unquestionable advances in medical technology continue to occur the abandonment of the use of this feature mainly the cost and fear of handling. It is the responsibility of the expert clarify the benefits that patients with medical indication will have with the use of LC, as well as encourage their use.